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Whoosh [hwoosh, hwoosh, woosh, woosh] noun 1. a loud, rushing noise, as of air or water: a great whoosh as the door opened. verb (used without object) 2. to move swiftly with a gushing or hissing noise: gusts of wind whooshing through the trees. verb (used with object) 3. to move (an object, a person, etc.) with a whooshing motion or sound: The storm whooshed the waves over the road. Also, woosh. Origin: 1840-1850; imit.

Pulsatile tinnitus is not tinnitus.
Pulsatile tinnitus is a rhythmical noise that is synchronous with the patient's heartbeat.

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Another Cured Whoosher! Read Denise's Story About Dural Arteriovenous Fistula (DAVF) of the Transverse Sigmoid Sinus

Denise.jpg

Just look at this photo.  Do you know how happy this photo makes me?  Another Whoosher finds answers and treatment - no more whoosh!  This Cured Whoosher story and photo are submitted by a very inspiring former Whoosher. Enjoy the silence, Denise! You deserve it. And thanks so much for sharing your story. 

P.S. If you're interested in a "Do You Whoosh" tshirt, click here!

This story has consumed my life for the past 19 months.

I am a nurse, a wife and a mother. All of these roles consume me also, but overriding all this has been my Whoosh and all the anxiety that this Whoosh has produced.

It all started when I noticed a whooshing noise in my left ear that was there 24 hours a day.  It was in time with my heartbeat and sounded to me like a Doppler of a baby in utero. I had a few episodes of palpitations and fainting at the time and on one of these occasions mentioned to my doctor that I could hear my heartbeat whooshing on my left ear. She just made some flippant comment about it, like, "just lay on the other ear, and I thought, "Well she doesn't seem too concerned, it must be just one of those things."

After a few weeks I thought I would google "whooshing noise in ear" because it was still there and very annoying. I found the Whooshers.com site and thought "that's a funny name for a site," so I had a look at it......this saved my life, I believe.

I read the stories and some of the articles. I joined the Facebook group of Whooshers. I read with horror about people who had had this whooshing noise for years!!! I couldn't t believe this could happen to me!!! I went to my GP and she listened to my neck and sent me for a CT with contrast to check for a glomus tumor. That came back clear, so she referred me to an ENT. It was a 6 month wait!!

Another month or so went by and I was reading information about all the possible causes of Pulsatile Tinnitus. I noticed that if I blew my nose hard my left ear sounded as if air was leaking out, so off to the GP I went again. She put me onto another GP in the same surgery who had worked with ENT's in the past and was that surgery's "ear person." She examined my ears (first time this had been done) and decided I had a dysfunctional Eustation tube. I thought, "Oh good, maybe it is just something simple after all." She sent me away with some nasal steroidal spray and told me to hold my nose and try to pop my ears 20 times a day!!! Which I did diligently....to no avail.

A few weeks later I discovered that if I pressed on a little pulsating artery just behind my left ear the noise went away, but it came back as soon as I released it. I went to see another doctor at the same practice and she phoned a radiologist and he advised her to send me for a CT Angiogram, so I had this and it showed a twisted external carotid artery on the left side. Also the left carotid was bigger than the right. The radiologist reporting on the film thought this would be the cause of my PT. But the noises I was hearing just didn't sit right with this explanation for me. I was hearing the whoosh, with a squeal that came in and out, and it would stop mid-squeal, almost like a flap was cutting off. I felt like there was something very abnormal going on inside an artery. Also I could sometimes feel it vibrating my left eardrum, and the twisted carotid was not anywhere near my eardrum.

I saw my GP again and asked her for a carotid ultrasound to see what was going on. I also took in some articles I had found on the Whooshers.com website. She told me not to read rubbish on the Internet!!! I was upset, I explained that I am a nurse (this she knew because I work with her!) and that I have a degree of which part includes a research unit, and that the articles I was reading were evidence-based, peer-reviewed articles!! She told me that she thought I was showing symptoms of anxiety by wanting more tests and offered to put me on a course of low dose anti-depressants! I felt upset, angry, dis-empowered and embarrassed. I refused the medication and asked her if I could get an appointment with another ENT as I have private health insurance and didn't want to wait another 2 months to be seen. She told me it was only another 2 months and to wait! (After telling me I had anxiety, I found this attitude very hard and decided I would not see her again).

I saw the ENT and he checked my hearing which was perfect, he checked my ears, which were normal, he screwed up his face when I told him about the nasal spray and popping of the ears!! He said the tortured external carotid was the cause of my PT, and mentioned he had never seen such a prominent carotid artery. He offered to cut out that piece of artery or he could refer me to a Neurovascular Interventional Radiologist (NIR) who could "glue up" the artery. I asked if what I had was life threatening and he said "no" so I told him I would live with the noise. He said to get in touch if I changed my mind.

So, for a few months I got on with my life, thankful that I didn't t have anything dangerous going on in my brain, even though it didn't sound very good. Then in March this year I read a fellow Whoosher's story who had a Dural Arteriovenous Fistula (DAVF). In her story she mentioned headaches. I was struck with this info! I have been having intense left side headaches for the last 10 years off and on, but these headaches had intensified and were lasting for 3 days at a time for a period of 6 months. I had even been to the doctors about them, AND they had started that intensity at the time I started Whooshing! I had never put the two together! My artery behind the left ear was pulsating in a wider area and the whoosh was so loud I was certain it must be able to be heard by others. I put my stethoscope on the mastoid bone behind my left ear and listened with my right ear and I could hear it! I got my daughter, who is a hairdresser and not medically minded at all, to listen and she heard it!! So I read a bit more on DAVF's and was able to determine by my symptoms that I was pretty sure I had a DAVF of the Transverse Sigmoid Sinus.

I spent many nights worrying, because I knew my GP's thought I was over anxious and the ENT had said it was a twisted carotid. So I rang the ENT and told him I would like to see the Neurovascular Interventional Radiologist after all and could he refer me on to him? He did this and a video conference was organized with him so that I didn't t have to travel for 5 hours. In the meantime I found an article on Whooshers.com about some signs on CT that can point to a DAVF one of which was unequal sized arteries. I emailed this to the Neurovascular Interventional Radiologist before our video conference and told him of my suspicion.

The interview with this man was amazing! First of all, it was the first time (other than conversations with other Whooshers) that I had spoken to someone who understood what I was talking about! He agreed with me and thought I may have a DAVF and arranged a Cerebral Angiogram. I had this a month later and there it was - a DAVF of the Transverse Sigmoid Sinus!!!! It also showed an old embolus in the fistula. It was a Grade 1, which meant there was no cortical reflux, but he told me he could glue it with Onyx and Glue with an 80%. Chance of killing the fistula because it was causing problematic pulsatile tinnitus.

I went through a stage of being angry with my doctors for not putting together the fact that I had been going to them with intense headaches and then Whooshing in the left ear and not doing a bit of research of their own. I feel for all the people who just take their word, and what happens to them??

Anyway, I went in last week (8 days ago now) and had the fistula embolised with Onyx and Glue and have been Whoosh Free ever since!! There is no noise at all. I feel so lucky that I found the website Whooshers.com and that I was able to learn so much about persistence, courage and assertiveness from the other Whooshers I have met on the Facebook group, without whom I would have lost my mind and I would never have persevered to become cured.

Denise Mirco

Doctors who understand the condition will tell you that a DAVF is a condition that demands treatment.  For more info on DAVFs, see neuroangio.org.

For this and other Cured Whoosher stories see the Cured Whooshers page!

Join our lively Facebook group page. Whooshers, Unite!

Wed, July 31, 2013 | link          Comments

A Pulsatile Tinnitus Diagnosis = Relief

If I didn't know better, I'd think that anyone who wishes for a diagnosis vs a clean bill of health is a little bit crazy.  Take that up a notch for anyone who wishes for a "scary" diagnosis... the big "C," a tumor, or a condition that may not be treatable in part or in its entirety.

But when you experience a symptom that evades diagnosis in many doctors' offices, this wish is all you have. A "clean bill of health" is often devastating to a whoosher.  A wish of identifying the cause of the symptom -no matter how bad the news is after that- often becomes the drive that keeps us going.

The wish for a diagnosis may seem irrational, but it's actually based on the logic that if doctors know what the cause is they're more likely to be able to fix it.  I hear from whooshers every single day who are looking for a diagnosis and for validation that they are not alone. Perhaps this drive to find a diagnosis has increased in part since we have seen so many people with diagnoses find treatments and cures of their pulsatile tinnitus. Even for those who do not get treatment right away, finding a diagnosis often brings decreased anxiety. And that's an understatement, trust me!

Pulsatile tinnitus patients, like patients who experience other unusual symptoms, look for answers to questions that not many know the answers to, so a "win" may not come in the form of diagnosis, treatment, recovery in one quick swoop; it's often a much slower process.  It's helpful to celebrate the small gains.  

I received an email from a fellow whoosher named Angela who, as you'll read, was her very best advocate. Doctors had told her to "live with it," when the cause was actually one of the more dangerous (albeit rare) that if left untreated could have been a danger to her.  She had a hunch - and the support and information - to find doctors who understand pulsatile tinnitus.  Her diagnosis is one we've seen in increased numbers in the last few years on Whooshers.com: brain dural arteriovenous fistula (BDAVF).  You can read more about BADVF here.

Obviously her story isn't over yet, and she'll update us after her surgery, but I think her enthusiasm and relief is a good example of the complexities whooshers often face, and the simplicity in what we all seek: relief.

Relief for many of us would be, obviously, no more whooshing, but relief is also validation, educating yourself, identifying a cause and ruling other causes out.  Relief is knowing you're not alone.  

Here is Angela's story:

I had a hysterectomy due to some cancer concerns on July 8, 2013. I woke up from anesthesia being able to hear my pulse in my right ear.  I figured it was just the anesthesia wearing off, and I did not think much about it.  On Wednesday the 10th, the sound got louder and very annoying.  By Friday it got so loud, I called the doctor about it.  I was also feeling dizzy and nauseated, so he told me to come in to see him.  He thought that it was an ear infection due to the tubes from incubation, and prescribed an antibiotic.

On Sunday, the sound just got louder, so I called the doctor again.  After conversing with my OBGYN and the Anesthesiologist, about what might be happening, they were puzzled, but fearing about post op complications, sent me to the ER.  The doctor in the ER took a look at my ear and sent me to an ENT, which I saw on Monday the 15th, where they found nothing wrong with my ears.  The ENT did send me for scans though, I got an MRI/MRV/MRA.

The scans took about a week to schedule, so in the meantime I started to research.  This was the key!  I found Whooshers.com and read all of the cured stories.  After finding stories that sounded like mine, I researched those diagnosis in depth.  I found out what the terminology meant, I found out whether I had objective or subjective. (I have objective, you can hear my whoosh by just listening to my right ear, you don't even need a stethoscope) I found that if I press on the artery behind my right ear, the whoosh stops.  All of this info helped me to understand what I was dealing with and which direction to go next.  After reading that mine would most typically vascular in nature, I found a neurovascular surgeon in my area.  I had a very high suspicion that my problem was BDAVF, I just needed it confirmed.

With my insurance, I do not need a referral to see a specialist, so I called the neurovascular surgeons office and told them what I thought I had.  They got me in the next morning! I took copies of all my scans and took all of my research and hoped for the best.

Turns out, MRI/MRA/MRV scans are not good a picking up fistulas, and all he had to do was listen to the area around my ear.  He heard the whooshing, and said it was classic fistula!  A cerebral angiogram would be the only test to actually see the fistula, and he told me that he will just fix the BDAVF while they are already in there, there would be no sense in just going in to take the pictures, just to confirm to fix it.

I am scheduled for surgery on August 7, 2013.  I realize that I am extremely lucky, having only dealt with my PT for a month.  I know that some have dealt with this for years.

My advice is to do your research, and find a doctor that will listen and who is familiar with pulsatile tinnitus!

I will update after my surgery, and I hope that I can help someone find their cure from my story, just as others helped me find mine!

Thank You,

Angela Campbell

UPDATE: Below is Angela's update as of September 1, 2013

On August 6, I went in for surgery.  They put me to sleep, and the doctor used ONYX glue and radiation to fix my fistulas (turns out I had 2 bigger ones and several smaller ones) 2.5 hours later, I woke up with a headache, but NO WHOOSHING! It had worked!  I spent one night in the ICU, but was able to go home that next day.  The severe headache lasted about 8 days, and now 11 days post op, I don’t need much pain medicine to control the mild headache that I still have. Still, I am whoosh free!

I go back in February for a cerebral angiogram to follow up with my neurologist. I will be on close watch over the next year or so to make sure that blood flow in my head stays normal.

I had dealt with my PT for 30 days from onset to repair. The doctors have no idea why I started hearing the fistula after my hysterectomy, but said that I was extremely lucky.  Most people don’t show any signs or symptoms before it is too late.

My advice is to do your research, and find a doctor that will listen and who is familiar with pulsatile tinnitus!

Thank You,

Angela

Sun, July 28, 2013 | link          Comments


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RESOURCES

Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulsatile Tinnitus, Dr. Maksim Shapiro, NYU Neurointerventional Radiology Section, NYU Langone Medical Center - neuroangio.org

Radiation Dose Chart - American Nuclear Society (ANS) Public Information Resources Page: Click here for an interactive dose chart for various medical diagnostic tests. A downloadable and printable version is also available on this page. Discuss with your doctors.

Find a Neurotologist: American Neurotological Society (ANS) Membership Roster

Find a Neurointervention Specialist: Society of Neurointerventional Surgery (SNIS)- Click on "Doctor Finder"

Find a Neuro-Ophthalmologist: The North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society (NANOS)

Site: Neuroangio.org - Your neurovascular education and information resource. Patient Information.

UCSF Pulsatile Tinnitus Clinic

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus: Differential Diagnosis and Radiological Work-Up," Sjoert A. H. Pegge, Stefan C. A. Steens, Henricus P. M. Kunst, and Frederick J. A. Meijer, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, The Netherlands. (SEE TABLE 1).

Presentation: "Algorithm for Evaluation of Rhythmic Tinnitus," Douglas E Mattox, MD, Patricia Hudgins, MD, Jahrsdoerfer Lecture, University of Virginia, March 25, 2010. (This link is to the abstract/summary)

Presentation: "Imaging of the Patient with Tinnitus," Mary Beth Cunnane MD, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Dec 2013. (NEW! Mentions Pulsatile Tinnitus and Whooshers.com. Republished with Permission.)

Article: "Imaging in Pulsatile Tinnitus: Diagnostic Pearls and Potential Pitfalls," B. S. Purohit, R. Hermans, K. Op de beeck; 1SINGAPORE/SG, 2Leuven/BE, European Society of Radiology, 2014.

Article: "Imaging In Pulsatile Tinnitus : When Should It Ring A Bell?" G. Bathla1, V. Chong; 1singapore/SG, 2Singapore/SG, European Society of Radiology, 2012."

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus: Contemporary Assessment and Management," Aristides Sismanis, Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery: October 2011 - Volume 19 - Issue 5 - p 348357 doi: 10.1097/MOO.0b013e3283493fd8, Otology and neuro-otology: Edited by Myles L. Pensak.

NEW Article: "Emergence of Venous Stenosis as the Dominant Cause of Pulsatile Tinnitus," Eytan RazErez NossekDaniel Jethanamest, Vinayak Narayan, Aryan Ali, Vera Sharashidze, Tibor Becske, Peter K. Nelson, Maksim Shapiro, Originally published8 May 2022 https://doi.org/10.1161/SVIN.121.000154, American Heart Association Journal - Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology. 2022;0:e000154

Article: "Temporal Bone: Vascular Tinnitus," William W.M. Lo and M. Marcel Maya, Vascular, pp.1361-1374, 2003.

Article: "Diagnostic Clues in Pulsatile Tinnitus (Somatosounds)," Carlos Herraiza and José Miguel Aparicioa, Unidad de Acúfenos; Instituto ORL Antolí-Candela, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Otorrinolaringología, Fundación Hospital Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain; Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Quirón, Madrid, Spain, Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2007;58(9):426-33. This is a link to the article abstract.

Article: "How I Struggled with (PULSATILE) Tinnitus," The Story of Actor Graham Cole, Daily Mail Online, January 10, 2007.

Article: "I Got Lifesaving OP for Whooshing Thanks to US Help," David Powell, Daily Post UK, DPW West, Feb 19, 2013.

Article: "Vital Signs: An Unwelcome Ringing," by Dr. Christopher Linstrom, Discover Magazine, April 2010. (About a cured patient with pulsatile tinnitus symptoms!)

Article: "Tinnitus Highlights Poor Doctor Patient Communication," Martin Young, MBChB, FCS(SA), Diagnosis and Treatment, KevinMd.Com, November 2010.

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus: Recent Advances in Diagnosis," Aristides Sismanis MD, Wendy R. K. Smoker, MD, The Laryngoscope, Volume 104, Issue 6, pages 681-688, June 1994. ABSTRACT (Summary)

Article: "Neuroradiologic Assessment of Pulsatile Tinnitus," Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL: Dr Kircher and Dr Leonetti; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI: Dr Standring; Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Chicago, IL. Sept. 22-24, 2008. (CLICKING THIS LINK WILL DOWNLOAD THE PDF FILE)

Article: "Imaging of Tinnitus: A Review," Jane L. Weissman, MD and Barry E. Hirsch, MD, Radiology, August 2000.

Article: "Imaging in Pulsatile Tinnitus," G. Madania and S.E.J. Connor, Clinical Radiology, Volume 64, Issue 3, Pages 319-328 (March 2009).

Article: "Imaging of the Patient With Tinnitus," Mary Beth Cunnane MD, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, December 31, 2013. (NEW! Mentions Whooshers.com and PULSATILE tinnitus as well.)

Article: "Imaging of Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Review of 74 Patients," Guner Sonmez, C Cinar Basekim, Ersin Ozturk, Atilla Gungor, Esref Kizilkaya, Clinical Imaging, Volume 31, Issue 2, Pages 102-108 (March 2007). (This is an abstract/summary-you have to pay to see the article in its entirety)

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Review of 84 Patients," Daniel Waldvogel, Heinrich P. Mattle, Matthias Sturzenegger and Gerhard Schroth, Journal of Neurology, Volume 245, Number 3, 137-142, DOI: 10.1007/s004150050193, November 12, 1997.

Article: "Role of Angiography in the Evaluation of Patients With Pulsatile Tinnitus," Edward J. Shin, MD; Anil K. Lalwani, MD; Christopher F. Dowd, MD, Laryngoscope 110: November 2000. (PDF FILE)

Article: "Angioplasty and Stenting for Intractable Pulsatile Tinnitus Caused by Dural Venous Sinus Stenosis: A Case Series Report," Li Baomin, Shi Yongbing, and Cao Xiangyu, Dept of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, Otol Neurotol. 35.366-370. Dec 2014.

Article: "CT Angiography as a Screening Tool for Dural Arteriovenous Fistula in Patients with Pulsatile Tinnitus: Feasibility and Test Characteristics," J. Narvid, H.M. Do, N.H. Blevins and N.J. Fishbein, American Journal of Neuroradiology 32:446-453, March 2011.

Article: "Brain Dural Arteriovenous Fistula (BDAVF)," Patient Information, www.NeuroAngio.org

Article: "Usefulness of C-Arm Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Endovascular Treatment of Traumatic Carotid Cavernous Fistulas: A Technical Case Report," Sato, Kenichi MD, PhD; Matsumoto, Yasushi MD; Kondo, Ryushi MD, PhD; Tominaga, Teiji MD, PhD, Neurosurgery: August 2010 - Volume 67 - Issue 2 - p 467470.

Article (Abstract): "A Convenient Sonographic Technique for Diagnosis of Pulsatile Tinnitus Induced by a High Jugular Bulb," The American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Minoru Nakagawa, MD, Norimitsu Miyachi, MLT and Kenjiro Fujiwara, MD, Department of Neurosurgery (M.N., K.F.) and Clinical Laboratory (N.M.), Kosei General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan, J Ultrasound Med 27:139-140 0278-4297, 2008.

Article: "Surgical Treatment of the High Jugular Bulb in Patients with Ménières Disease and Pulsatile Tinnitus," V. Couloigner, A. Bozorg Grayeli, D. Bouccara, N. Julien and O. Sterkers, European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Volume 256, Number 5, 224-229, DOI: 10.1007/s004050050146 (ABSTRACT)

Article: "Brain AVM," (arteriovenous malformation), MayoClinic.com

Article: "Chiari Malformation," MayoClinic.com

Article: "Ménière's Disease," National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)

Article: "TMJ Disorders," MayoClinic.com

Article: "Anemia," American Society of Hematology, Hemotology.org

Article: "Pseudotumor Cerebri," (also called Benign Intracranial Hypertension) MayoClinic.com

Article: "Pulse-Synchronous Tinnitus," The Intracranial Hypertension Research Foundation

Article: "Coarctation of the Aorta," MayoClinic.com

Article: "Man Cured of Hearing His Eyeballs Move," www.bbc.co.uk, July 27, 2011. Superior Canal Dehiscence Syndrome (SCDS)

Article: "Diagnosis and Cure of Venous Hum Tinnitus," Laryngoscope, Chandler JR, 93(7):892-5, July 1983.

Article: (Abstract) "Sinus Wall Reconstruction for Sigmoid Sinus Diverticulum and Dehiscence: A Standardized Surgical Procedure for a Range of Radiographic Findings," Dr. DJ Eisenman, Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Otology Neurotology, 32(7):1116-9; September 2011.

Article: (Abstract) "Awake Embolization of Sigmoid Sinus Diverticulum Causing Pulsatile Tinnitus: Simultaneous Confirmative Diagnosis and Treatment," Park YH, Kwon HJ, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea, Interv Neuroradiol. 2011 Sep;17(3):376-9. Epub 2011 Oct 17. (NEW!)

Article: "A New Therapeutic Procedure for Treatment of Objective Venous Pulsatile Tinnitus," Sanchez TG, Murao M, Medeiros HRT, Kii M, Bento RF, Caldas JG, et al. Int Tinnitus J. 2002;8(1):54-57.

Article: "Glomus Tympanicum," The New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 362:e66, Number 22, June 3, 2010.

Article: "Resolution of Pulsatile Tinnitus Following an Upper Mediastinal Lymph Node Resection," Wang YZ, Boudreaux JP, Campeau RJ, Woltering EA, South Med J. 2010 Apr;103(4):374-7.

Article: (Abstract) "Dissection of the Internal Carotid Artery After SCUBA-Diving: A Case Report and Review of the Literature," Franz Hafner, MD,* Thomas Gary, MD,* Froehlich Harald, MD,* Ernst Pilger,* Reinhard Groell, PD,w and Marianne, Brodmann* "Neurologist. 17(2):79-82, March 2011. (NEW!)

Article: "Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula," Bobby S. Korn, M.D., Ph.D., and Kang Zhang, M.D., Ph.D., N Engl J Med 2011; 364:e15, February, 24, 2011. (WARNING: GRAPHIC IMAGES)

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus Cured by Mastoidectomy," Duvillard C, Ballester M, Redon E, Romanet P., Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hôpital Général, Dijon, France, Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, September 2004.

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Symptom of Chronic Subclavian Artery Occlusion," Marcio Francisco Lehmann, Charbel Mounayer, Goetz Benndorf, Michel Piotin, and Jacques Moret, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 26:19601963, September 2005 (PDF).

Article: "Carotid Endarterectomy Relieves Pulsatile Tinnitus Associated with Severe Ipsilateral Carotid Stenosis," J Kirkby-Bott, H.H Gibbs, European Journal of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Volume 27, Issue 6, Pages 651-653, June 2004.

Article: "MR Angiography Imaging of Absence Vertebral Artery Causing of Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Case Report," *Mehmet Cudi Tuncer; **Yekta Helbest Akgül & *Özlen Karabulut,* Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dicle University, 21280, Diyarbak¹r, Turkey.** Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Özel Diyarbakr Hospital, 21100, Diyarbakr, Turkey, International Journal of Morphology, v.28 n.2 Temuco Jun. 2010."

Article: "Endovascular Treatment of Sigmoid Sinus Aneurysm Presenting as Devastating Pulsatile Tinnitus. A Case Report and Review of Literature." Mehanna R, Shaltoni H. Morsi H, Mawad M., Interv Neuroradiol. 2010 Dec;16(4):451-4. Epub 2010 Dec 17.

"Pulsatile Tinnitus Caused by an Aneurysm of the Transverse-Sigmoid Sinus: A New Case Report and Review of Literature," Lenck S, Mosimann PJ, Labeyrie MA, Houdart E., Department of Neuroradiology, hôpital Lariboisière, 2, rue Ambroise-Paré, 75010 Paris, France, J Neuroradiol. 2012 Oct;39(4):276-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neurad.2012.02.001. Epub 2012 Sep 29. (NEW!)

Article: "Intractable Tinnitus and Sensorineural Deafness Cured by Surgical Correction of Coarctation of Aorta," S. Rathinam, A.M. Pettigrew, J.C.S. Pollack, Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery 3:431-433 (2004).

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus," Don McFerran FRCS Consultant Otolaryngologist Essex County Hospital, Colchester, British Tinnitus Association, October 2007.

Article: "Pulsatile Tinnitus and Dural Arteriovenous Malformation (Dural AVM)," G. A. J. Morrison, The Journal of Laryngology & Otology (1989), 103:1073-1075 Cambridge University Press (ABSTRACT).

Article: "Medical Mystery: Giving Birth Didn't Ease a Woman's Dangerous Hypertenstion," Sandra G. Boodman, The Washington Post, October 17, 2011.

Article: "That Noise Wasn't Just Tinnitus," Sandra G. Boodman, Special to The Washington Post, July 7, 2009

Article: "What's That Noise In Her?" H. Lee Kagan, Discovery Magazine, January 2006. (About a patient with arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and her doctor whose patience and persistence paid off).

Article: "The 'Rare' Disease That Isn't," Thomas M. Burton, The Wall Street Journal, June 27, 2009

Article: "Diseases and Conditions/ Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)," Cleveland Clinic. Lists symptoms, details, treatments, and resources including Whooshers.com.

Article: Unraveling Pulsatile Tinnitus in FMD: A Report of the United States Registry For Fibromuscular Dysplasia."

Video: "A Rare Disease That May Be Underdiagnosed," Thomas M. Burton, June 26, 2009 (Hear an example of a whooshing sound in this short video)

Whooshers.com Pulsatile Tinnitus Sounds (Real Ones Recorded by Real Whooshers!)

Audio: Having trouble describing the sound you hear to others? Listen to this collection of sounds that whoosh and see if you can find a match to yours! Demonstrations: Heart Sounds & Murmurs, from the University of Washington Department of Medicine

Whooshers.com Review: SleepPhones- Soft, comfortable headphones to help mask the whoosh for a good night's sleep.

Replace "ringing" with "whooshing," and here it is: our theme song.